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Gray magic
Gray magic (also spelled ''magick'') is magic that is not performed for specifically beneficial reasons, but is also not focused towards completely hostile practices.〔Smoley, R. & Kinney, J. (2006) ''Hidden Wisdom: A Guide to the Western Inner Traditions''. Quest Books. p. 121.〕〔Cicero, Chic & Cicero, Sandra Tabatha ''The Essential Golden Dawn: An Introduction to High Magic''. Llewellyn Books. p. 87.〕 It is seen as falling in a continuum between white and black magic. It is also called ''neutral magic'' ==Overview== According to D. J. Conway, practitioners of white magic avoid causing any form of harm, even to enact positive outcomes. Gray magic incorporates all the beneficial purposes of white magic, but also works towards ridding the world of evils.〔Conway, D. J. ''Wicca: The Complete Craft''. p. 43.〕 Ann Finnin states that many practitioners of gray magic employ the term because of its vagueness, and to avoid having to consider ethical questions.〔Finnin, Ann ''The Forge of Tubal Cain''. p. 100.〕 A rather different meaning to the term was given by Roy Bowers, an influential British witch of the 1960s. For Bowers, it was a technique of baffling, bewildering, and mystifying everyone he met in order to gain power over them; by doing so, he was always more sure about them than they were about him. In his article entitled ''Genuine Witchcraft is Defended'', Bowers says the following:〔Hutton, Ronald (1999) ''Triumph of the Moon'' p. 315〕
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